As we all know, the years from 1900 to 1999 which is known as the 20th century is the century of wars. In this century many Wars were fought between different countries of the world such as world war I was fought from 1917 to 1918 after world war 1 some of the years spent with peace but in 1941 World War II begins which was end in 1945, after World War II some other wars also fought such as Korean war 1950-1953, Vietnam war 1964-1975. As this whole century begins with wars and wars. Due to these wars the entire world affected as the prices of all things becomes higher but the prices of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) becomes much higher. These wars also cause environmental pollution. To overcome this pollution The COP is formed. COP, or the Conference of the Parties, is a term used to refer to the annual meeting of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The UNFCCC is an international treaty that was adopted in 1992 with the goal of addressing the problem of climate change and limiting greenhouse gas emissions. The first COP meeting was held in 1995, and there have been annual meetings every year since then. The purpose of the COP meetings is to review progress on implementing the UNFCCC and to negotiate further actions to address climate change. According to their policies every country started research that how to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. As they found that more than 30% of the gases was emitted by the power sector all over the world. After that the entire world focused on the ways in which the gases could not emit. This is the point from where the concept of renewable energy movement started.
One cause of the adoption of renewable is the higher prices of fossil fuels. These prices become much higher and increase about 5% due to the wars. We all know that some years before on 24th, February 2022 Russia invaded Ukraine. After that it causes serious drawbacks on the economy of the world. All the world is now suffering from high economic issues. Which causes the rise in the prices of fossil fuels.
Now, people again start focusing on renewable energy same as in 1900s. Renewable energy becomes most necessary to all the world to harness electricity because by using renewable every country would produce their own electricity. Do you think that now renewable energy is becoming a trend? In now a days renewable energy not just a trend but it can also the main source of generating electricity. As International Renewable energy agency made a goal to produce energy from renewable for about 75% of the world. It is because of COP21 in this meeting that the agreement was signed between 196 countries which was held on 12 December 2015 in Paris which was forced to entered on 4 November 2016. This agreement was signed because the temperature of global warming rises very vastly by 2.7 degree Celsius due to which COP21 was signed to reduce this temperature by 1.5-degree Celsius to 2 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial level.
This temperature was increased by the higher emission of greenhouse gases. These gases cause the greenhouse effect, due to which the temperature of the global was rises very vastly and due to rise of this temperatures issue of climate change started. This temperature was raised due to high carbon emission. Almost 40% of the carbon was emitted by burning fossil fuels all over the world. That is the main source of greenhouse gases. The main reason for the renewable energy movement is to reduce the use of fossil fuels and make the environment clean and green. Based on IRENA’s analysis, energy-related carbon-dioxide (CO2) emission reductions would have to decline 70% by 2050, compared to current levels, to meet climate goals. A large-scale shift to electricity from renewable could deliver 60% of those reductions; 75% if renewable for heating and transport are factored in; and 90% with ramped-up energy efficiency.
According to the results of 2022 energy produce by renewable resources is almost 14.5% in which only 4 percent is increased by last decade. The world's largest renewable energy source used for energy production is Solar Photo Voltaic. It produces almost 50% of the world's renewable energy according to the result of 2022 which is almost 320 GW. It is expected to further increase to over 8% by 2023. It becomes the largest source for renewable energy because it can be installed on a small scale very easily and it has many more advantages than others. As people can install it on their roofs to produce electricity for their houses, companies, factories etc.
The world's first source of renewable energy is hydroelectricity. The concept of which starts with waterwheels. Around 60 per cent of all renewable electricity is generated by hydro-power. The sector produces about 16 per cent of total electricity generation from all sources. It can produce 1360 GW of electricity globally. According to the data of 2021 more than 13,000 stations of hydro power are installed in 150 countries.
Wind energy is the another most important source of renewable energy which can also increase day by day. As the Global Wind Report shows, 2022 was another big year for wind installations and particularly for the fast-growing offshore wind sector, with a total of 94 GW of wind installed around the world – 21 GW in offshore. Total global wind power capacity is now up to 837 GW, helping the world avoid over 1.2 billion tons of CO2 annually. It is also a highly demanding source of energy in the future.
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